Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on poor urban households in Nigeria

Where do we go from here?

Abstract

Background: Lockdown of cities is the major strategy for controlling the spread of COVID-19. However, many households that depend on daily income for survival will feel the negative consequences of the lockdown.

Objectives: The aim of this study was  to explore the effect of the lockdown on poor urban households’ capacity and ability to meet their basic needs.

Methodology: The study was undertaken in southwest (Lagos state) and southeast (Anambra and Enugu states) Nigeria. Data were collected using in-depth interview with thirty (30) heads of household in the capital cities of Anambra, Enugu and Lagos states. The data analyses followed a thematic style, with emphasis on four major themes, namely: food stock and feeding during lockdown, medical care and access to health facilities during lockdown, availability and payment of utility bills during lockdown and payment of rent during lockdown.

Results:  It was found that during the lockdown, poor urban households experienced major difficulty in feeding due to lack of finance and increase in the cost of food items and transportation. Additionally, it was found that many households ignored signs and symptoms of illness, self-medicated and used home remedies because of difficulties in accessing health care facilities. 

Unique contribution: This study has provided evidence that may be useful for health promotion in times of emergency by showing that health control measures should also take into account the poor households.

Conclusion: Although the lockdown of cities to control the spread of COVID-19 has its merits, it negatively affects the socio-economic and health wellbeing of the citizens, especially daily wage earners. 

Key recommendation: The government should scale up the provisions of palliatives to cushion the effects of the lockdown on poor urban households in times of public health emergencies.