Influence of Engagement and Job Satisfaction on the Flow State of Volunteers in a Non-Governmental Organisation in the Republic of Perú

Abstract

Background: Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) rely heavily on volunteer work to achieve their social objectives, fostering inclusive and sustainable environments. Key factors such as commitment, autonomy, recognition, and job satisfaction are essential to enhance volunteer performance. The opportunities provided by NGOs help volunteers thrive in a positive environment that promotes satisfaction and enriching experiences.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the influence of engagement (ENG) and work satisfaction (WS) on the flow state of volunteers in non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Peru.

Methodology: The research is quantitative, non-experimental, hypothetical-deductive, and uses a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 1,023 volunteers from the NGO under study. Three standardised instruments were used for data collection: UWES-9 for ENG, S20/23 for WS, and WOLF for Flow.

Results: The results showed that ENG and WS explained 70.8% of the variability in Flow, with a strong positive correlation between ENG and WS (0.769). ENG significantly impacted Flow (coefficient 0.65), as did WS (coefficient 0.45). Higher levels of ENG and WS among volunteers reinforce Flow. Emphasis is placed on an inclusive and sustainable work environment to enhance volunteer engagement and effectiveness. However, there is a clear need for training, recognition, and emotional support for the staff.

Conclusions: Engaged volunteers who feel recognised and supported experience greater job satisfaction, which enhances Flow—a state of immersion and enjoyment in activities. This relationship underscores the importance of creating work environments with challenges, good conditions, and development opportunities that support volunteer engagement. Self-determination and role theories highlight autonomy, competence, and relationships as crucial elements.

Contribution: This research extends the Demands-Resources Model and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) by examining the role of engagement, satisfaction, and flow in volunteering. It provides guidance to NGOs on improving volunteer management through training, recognition, and supportive practices, thereby enhancing retention, satisfaction, and overall organisational impact.

Recommendations: To boost satisfaction and retention, NGOs should provide training and recognition, align tasks with skills, improve working conditions, and ensure volunteer participation and development opportunities.